As temperatures drop and we start spending more time indoors, our houseplants face new challenges. Fall is an ideal time for pests to strike, especially as plants transition from the warmth and humidity of summer to the drier indoor climate of fall and winter. And since no one wants to be stuck inside with unwanted critters, here are some common houseplant pests to keep an eye on this season and practical tips for keeping them at bay.
1. Spider Mites
- What to Watch For: These tiny, web-spinning pests thrive in dry environments and can quickly take over a plant, especially as indoor humidity levels drop in the fall. Spider mites suck plant sap, causing leaves to look speckled or faded.
- How to Avoid Them: Increase humidity by misting plants or using a humidifier, and regularly wipe leaves with a damp cloth. Quarantine any affected plant and wash it thoroughly with insecticidal soap to prevent the spread.
2. Fungus Gnats
- What to Watch For: Fungus gnats are small, black flies often found hovering around damp soil. They thrive in moist environments, especially if plants are overwatered. These plants are the least harmful to your plant itself, but are arguably the most irritating to us!
- How to Avoid Them: Allow the top layer of soil to dry out between waterings to discourage larvae growth. You can also add a layer of sand on top of the soil to prevent gnats from laying eggs.
3. Aphids
- What to Watch For: Aphids are small, green or black bugs that congregate on new plant growth, sucking sap and causing distorted leaves. They can spread easily from plant to plant.
- How to Avoid Them: Check plants regularly, especially new growth. If aphids appear, rinse them off with a strong spray of water or treat them with insecticidal soap.
4. Mealybugs
- What to Watch For: Mealybugs look like small, cottony clumps, often hiding along stems or leaf joints. They can stunt plant growth and weaken plants by sucking sap.
- How to Avoid Them: Isolate affected plants, and use a cotton swab dipped in rubbing alcohol to remove mealybugs. Keep an eye on any new plants brought indoors, as they can introduce mealybugs to your collection.
5. Scale
- What to Watch For: Scale insects look like small, round or oval bumps along stems and leaves. They attach to plants and feed on sap, weakening the plant and causing yellowing leaves.
- How to Avoid Them: Inspect plants for any suspicious bumps, as these insects don’t move once they’re latched on. Use a cotton swab with rubbing alcohol to remove visible scales. For heavier infestations, gently scrape them off and treat with a horticultural oil or insecticidal soap.
General Tips to Prevent Fall Pests
- Inspect New Plants: Always quarantine new plants for a few weeks to ensure they’re pest-free before placing them with your other plants.
- Clean Leaves Regularly: Dusty leaves can attract pests and make it harder to spot early infestations.
- Watch Watering and Humidity Levels: Avoid overwatering, and maintain ideal humidity to prevent spider mites and fungus gnats. Keep your plants away from heaters to avoid drying them out and creating havens for pests.
By following these tips and staying vigilant, you can protect your houseplants from unwanted pests and keep them thriving all season long. Happy fall plant care!
